// GxEPD2_SD_AVR_Example : Display Library example for SPI e-paper panels from Dalian Good Display and boards from Waveshare. // Requires HW SPI and Adafruit_GFX. Caution: the e-paper panels require 3.3V supply AND data lines! // // Display Library based on Demo Example from Good Display: https://www.good-display.com/companyfile/32/ // // BMP handling code extracts taken from: https://github.com/prenticedavid/MCUFRIEND_kbv/tree/master/examples/showBMP_kbv_Uno // // Author: Jean-Marc Zingg // // Version: see library.properties // // Library: https://github.com/ZinggJM/GxEPD2 // // note that BMP bitmaps are drawn at physical position in physical orientation of the screen // Supporting Arduino Forum Topics (closed, read only): // Good Display ePaper for Arduino: https://forum.arduino.cc/t/good-display-epaper-for-arduino/419657 // Waveshare e-paper displays with SPI: https://forum.arduino.cc/t/waveshare-e-paper-displays-with-spi/467865 // // Add new topics in https://forum.arduino.cc/c/using-arduino/displays/23 for new questions and issues // see GxEPD2_wiring_examples.h for wiring suggestions and examples // **** NOTE that the mapping suggestion may need modification depending on SD board used! **** // ******************************************************************************************** // //#define SD_CS SS // e.g. for RobotDyn Wemos D1 mini SD board //#define EPD_CS D1 // alternative I use with RobotDyn Wemos D1 mini SD board // uncomment next line to use class GFX of library GFX_Root instead of Adafruit_GFX //#include // Note: if you use this with ENABLE_GxEPD2_GFX 1: // uncomment it in GxEPD2_GFX.h too, or add #include before any #include // includes needed to include driver classes #include #include #include #include //#include #if defined(ESP32) // has support for FAT32 support with long filenames #include "FS.h" #include "SD.h" #include "SPI.h" #define SdFile File #define seekSet seek #else // include SdFat for FAT32 support with long filenames; available through Library Manager #include SdFat SD; #endif // select the display driver class (only one) for your panel //#define GxEPD2_DRIVER_CLASS GxEPD2_102 // GDEW0102T4 80x128, UC8175, (WFT0102CZA2) //#define GxEPD2_DRIVER_CLASS GxEPD2_150_BN // DEPG0150BN 200x200, SSD1681, (FPC8101), TTGO T5 V2.4.1 . //#define GxEPD2_DRIVER_CLASS GxEPD2_154 // GDEP015OC1 200x200, IL3829, (WFC0000CZ07), no longer available. //#define GxEPD2_DRIVER_CLASS GxEPD2_154_D67 // GDEH0154D67 200x200, SSD1681, (HINK-E154A07-A1). //#define GxEPD2_DRIVER_CLASS GxEPD2_154_T8 // GDEW0154T8 152x152, UC8151 (IL0373), (WFT0154CZ17). //#define GxEPD2_DRIVER_CLASS GxEPD2_154_M09 // GDEW0154M09 200x200, JD79653A, (WFT0154CZB3). //#define GxEPD2_DRIVER_CLASS GxEPD2_154_M10 // GDEW0154M10 152x152, UC8151D, (WFT0154CZ17). //#define GxEPD2_DRIVER_CLASS GxEPD2_154_GDEY0154D67 // GDEY0154D67 200x200, SSD1681, (FPC-B001 20.05.21). //#define GxEPD2_DRIVER_CLASS GxEPD2_213 // GDE0213B1 122x250, IL3895, (HINK-E0213-G01), phased out //#define GxEPD2_DRIVER_CLASS GxEPD2_213_B72 // GDEH0213B72 122x250, SSD1675A (IL3897), (HINK-E0213A22-A0 SLH1852). //#define GxEPD2_DRIVER_CLASS GxEPD2_213_B73 // GDEH0213B73 122x250, SSD1675B, (HINK-E0213A22-A0 SLH1914). //#define GxEPD2_DRIVER_CLASS GxEPD2_213_B74 // GDEM0213B74 122x250, SSD1680, FPC-7528B). //#define GxEPD2_DRIVER_CLASS GxEPD2_213_flex // GDEW0213I5F 104x212, UC8151 (IL0373), (WFT0213CZ16). //#define GxEPD2_DRIVER_CLASS GxEPD2_213_M21 // GDEW0213M21 104x212, UC8151 (IL0373), (WFT0213CZ16). //#define GxEPD2_DRIVER_CLASS GxEPD2_213_T5D // GDEW0213T5D 104x212, UC8151D, (WFT0213CZ16). //#define GxEPD2_DRIVER_CLASS GxEPD2_213_BN // DEPG0213BN 122x250, SSD1680, (FPC-7528B), TTGO T5 V2.4.1, V2.3.1 . //#define GxEPD2_DRIVER_CLASS GxEPD2_213_GDEY0213B74 // GDEY0213B74 122x250, SSD1680, (FPC-A002 20.04.08). //#define GxEPD2_DRIVER_CLASS GxEPD2_260 // GDEW026T0 152x296, UC8151 (IL0373), (WFT0154CZ17). //#define GxEPD2_DRIVER_CLASS GxEPD2_260_M01 // GDEW026M01 152x296, UC8151 (IL0373), (WFT0260CZB2). //#define GxEPD2_DRIVER_CLASS GxEPD2_266_BN // DEPG0266BN 152x296, SSD1680, (FPC7510), TTGO T5 V2.66, TTGO T5 V2.4.1 . //#define GxEPD2_DRIVER_CLASS GxEPD2_266_GDEY0266T90 // GDEY0266T90 152x296, SSD1680, (FPC-A003 HB). //#define GxEPD2_DRIVER_CLASS GxEPD2_270 // GDEW027W3 176x264, EK79652 (IL91874), (WFI0190CZ22) ? //#define GxEPD2_DRIVER_CLASS GxEPD2_270_GDEY027T91 // GDEY027T91 176x264, SSD1680, (FB). //#define GxEPD2_DRIVER_CLASS GxEPD2_290 // GDEH029A1 128x296, SSD1608 (IL3820), (E029A01-FPC-A1 SYX1553). //#define GxEPD2_DRIVER_CLASS GxEPD2_290_T5 // GDEW029T5 128x296, UC8151 (IL0373), (WFT0290CZ10). //#define GxEPD2_DRIVER_CLASS GxEPD2_290_T5D // GDEW029T5D 128x296, UC8151D, (WFT0290CZ10). //#define GxEPD2_DRIVER_CLASS GxEPD2_290_I6FD // GDEW029I6FD 128x296, UC8151D, (WFT0290CZ10). //#define GxEPD2_DRIVER_CLASS GxEPD2_290_T94 // GDEM029T94 128x296, SSD1680, (FPC-7519 rev.b). //#define GxEPD2_DRIVER_CLASS GxEPD2_290_T94_V2 // GDEM029T94 128x296, SSD1680, (FPC-7519 rev.b), Waveshare 2.9" V2 variant . //#define GxEPD2_DRIVER_CLASS GxEPD2_290_BS // DEPG0290BS 128x296, SSD1680, (FPC-7519 rev.b). //#define GxEPD2_DRIVER_CLASS GxEPD2_290_M06 // GDEW029M06 128x296, UC8151D, (WFT0290CZ10). //#define GxEPD2_DRIVER_CLASS GxEPD2_290_GDEY029T94 // GDEY029T94 128x296, SSD1680, (FPC-A005 20.06.15). //#define GxEPD2_DRIVER_CLASS GxEPD2_310_GDEQ031T10 // GDEQ031T10 240x320, UC8253, (no inking, backside mark KEGMO 3100) //#define GxEPD2_DRIVER_CLASS GxEPD2_371 // GDEW0371W7 240x416, UC8171 (IL0324), (missing) //#define GxEPD2_DRIVER_CLASS GxEPD2_370_TC1 // ED037TC1 280x480, SSD1677, (ICA-FU-20 ichia 2029), Waveshare 3.7". //#define GxEPD2_DRIVER_CLASS GxEPD2_420 // GDEW042T2 400x300, UC8176 (IL0398), (WFT042CZ15). //#define GxEPD2_DRIVER_CLASS GxEPD2_420_M01 // GDEW042M01 400x300, UC8176 (IL0398), (WFT042CZ15). //#define GxEPD2_DRIVER_CLASS GxEPD2_420_GDEY042T81 // GDEY042T81 400x300, SSD1683 (no inking). //#define GxEPD2_DRIVER_CLASS GxEPD2_426_GDEQ0426T82 // GDEQ0426T82 480x800, SSD1677 (P426010-MF1-A). //#define GxEPD2_DRIVER_CLASS GxEPD2_583 // GDEW0583T7 600x448, UC8159c (IL0371), (missing) //#define GxEPD2_DRIVER_CLASS GxEPD2_583_T8 // GDEW0583T8 648x480, EK79655 (GD7965), (WFT0583CZ61). //#define GxEPD2_DRIVER_CLASS GxEPD2_583_GDEQ0583T31 // GDEQ0583T31 648x480, UC8179, (P583010-MF1-B). //#define GxEPD2_DRIVER_CLASS GxEPD2_750 // GDEW075T8 640x384, UC8159c (IL0371), (WF0583CZ09) //#define GxEPD2_DRIVER_CLASS GxEPD2_750_T7 // GDEW075T7 800x480, EK79655 (GD7965), (WFT0583CZ61) //#define GxEPD2_DRIVER_CLASS GxEPD2_750_GDEY075T7 // GDEY075T7 800x480, UC8179 (GD7965), (FPC-C001 20.08.20). //#define GxEPD2_DRIVER_CLASS GxEPD2_1160_T91 // GDEH116T91 960x640, SSD1677, (none or hidden). //#define GxEPD2_DRIVER_CLASS GxEPD2_1248 // GDEW1248T3 1304x984, UC8179, (WFT1248BZ23,WFT1248BZ24) // 3-color e-papers //#define GxEPD2_DRIVER_CLASS GxEPD2_154c // GDEW0154Z04 200x200, IL0376F, (WFT0000CZ04), no longer available //#define GxEPD2_DRIVER_CLASS GxEPD2_154_Z90c // GDEH0154Z90 200x200, SSD1681, (HINK-E154A07-A1) //#define GxEPD2_DRIVER_CLASS GxEPD2_213c // GDEW0213Z16 104x212, UC8151 (IL0373), (WFT0213CZ16) //#define GxEPD2_DRIVER_CLASS GxEPD2_213_Z19c // GDEH0213Z19 104x212, UC8151D, (HINK-E0213A20-A2 2020-11-19) //#define GxEPD2_DRIVER_CLASS GxEPD2_213_Z98c // GDEY0213Z98 122x250, SSD1680, (FPC-A002 20.04.08) //#define GxEPD2_DRIVER_CLASS GxEPD2_266c // GDEY0266Z90 152x296, SSD1680, (FPC-7510) //#define GxEPD2_DRIVER_CLASS GxEPD2_270c // GDEW027C44 176x264, IL91874, (WFI0190CZ22) //#define GxEPD2_DRIVER_CLASS GxEPD2_290c // GDEW029Z10 128x296, UC8151 (IL0373), (WFT0290CZ10) //#define GxEPD2_DRIVER_CLASS GxEPD2_290_Z13c // GDEH029Z13 128x296, UC8151D, (HINK-E029A10-A3 20160809) //#define GxEPD2_DRIVER_CLASS GxEPD2_290_C90c // GDEM029C90 128x296, SSD1680, (FPC-7519 rev.b) //#define GxEPD2_DRIVER_CLASS GxEPD2_420c // GDEW042Z15 400x300, UC8176 (IL0398), (WFT0420CZ15) //#define GxEPD2_DRIVER_CLASS GxEPD2_420c_Z21 // GDEQ042Z21 400x300, UC8276, (hidden) //#define GxEPD2_DRIVER_CLASS GxEPD2_583c // GDEW0583Z21 600x448, UC8159c (IL0371), (missing) //#define GxEPD2_DRIVER_CLASS GxEPD2_583c_Z83 // GDEW0583Z83 648x480, EK79655 (GD7965), (WFT0583CZ61) //#define GxEPD2_DRIVER_CLASS GxEPD2_750c // GDEW075Z09 640x384, UC8159c (IL0371), (WF0583CZ09) //#define GxEPD2_DRIVER_CLASS GxEPD2_750c_Z08 // GDEW075Z08 800x480, EK79655 (GD7965), (WFT0583CZ61) //#define GxEPD2_DRIVER_CLASS GxEPD2_750c_Z90 // GDEH075Z90 880x528, SSD1677, (HINK-E075A07-A0) //#define GxEPD2_DRIVER_CLASS GxEPD2_1248c // GDEY1248Z51 1304x984, UC8179, (WFT1248BZ23,WFT1248BZ24) // 4-color e-paper //#define GxEPD2_DRIVER_CLASS GxEPD2_266c_GDEY0266F51H // GDEY0266F51H 184x360, JD79667 (FPC-H006 22.04.02) //#define GxEPD2_DRIVER_CLASS GxEPD2_290c_GDEY029F51H // GDEY029F51H 168x384, JD79667 (FPC-H004 22.03.24) //#define GxEPD2_DRIVER_CLASS GxEPD2_300c // Waveshare 3.00" 4-color //#define GxEPD2_DRIVER_CLASS GxEPD2_420c_GDEY0420F51 // GDEY0420F51 400x300, HX8717 (no inking) //#define GxEPD2_DRIVER_CLASS GxEPD2_437c // Waveshare 4.37" 4-color // 7-color e-paper //#define GxEPD2_DRIVER_CLASS GxEPD2_565c // Waveshare 5.65" 7-color //#define GxEPD2_DRIVER_CLASS GxEPD2_730c_GDEY073D46 // GDEY073D46 800x480 7-color, (N-FPC-001 2021.11.26) //#define GxEPD2_DRIVER_CLASS GxEPD2_730c_ACeP_730 // Waveshare 7.3" 7-color #if defined(__AVR) #define SD_CS 6 // adapt to your wiring #define EPD_CS SS // adapt to your wiring GxEPD2_DRIVER_CLASS display(/*CS=10*/ EPD_CS, /*DC=*/ 8, /*RST=*/ 9, /*BUSY=*/ 7); #endif // non-AVR board can also be used with GxEPD2 base display classes, e.g. for SD bitmap drawing // uncomment your display for your board in the following included header file and adapt to your mapping #include "GxEPD2_SD_AVR_boards_added.h" // note that BMP bitmaps are drawn at physical position in physical orientation of the screen // function declaration with default parameter void drawBitmapFromSD(const char *filename, int16_t x, int16_t y, bool with_color = true); void setup() { Serial.begin(115200); Serial.println(); Serial.println(F("GxEPD2_SD_AVR_Example")); display.init(115200); Serial.print(F("Initializing SD card...")); if (!SD.begin(SD_CS)) { Serial.println(F("SD failed!")); return; } Serial.println(F("SD OK!")); drawBitmaps_200x200(); drawBitmaps_other(); //drawBitmaps_test(); display.hibernate(); Serial.println(F("GxEPD2_SD_AVR_Example done")); } void loop(void) { } void drawBitmaps_200x200() { int16_t x = (int16_t(display.WIDTH) - 200) / 2; int16_t y = (int16_t(display.HEIGHT) - 200) / 2; drawBitmapFromSD("logo200x200.bmp", x, y); delay(2000); drawBitmapFromSD("first200x200.bmp", x, y); delay(2000); drawBitmapFromSD("second200x200.bmp", x, y); delay(2000); drawBitmapFromSD("third200x200.bmp", x, y); delay(2000); drawBitmapFromSD("fourth200x200.bmp", x, y); delay(2000); drawBitmapFromSD("fifth200x200.bmp", x, y); delay(2000); drawBitmapFromSD("sixth200x200.bmp", x, y); delay(2000); drawBitmapFromSD("seventh200x200.bmp", x, y); delay(2000); drawBitmapFromSD("eighth200x200.bmp", x, y); delay(2000); } void drawBitmaps_other() { int16_t w2 = display.WIDTH / 2; int16_t h2 = display.HEIGHT / 2; drawBitmapFromSD("parrot.bmp", w2 - 64, h2 - 80); delay(2000); drawBitmapFromSD("betty_1.bmp", w2 - 100, h2 - 160); delay(2000); drawBitmapFromSD("betty_4.bmp", w2 - 102, h2 - 126); delay(2000); drawBitmapFromSD("marilyn_240x240x8.bmp", w2 - 120, h2 - 120); delay(2000); drawBitmapFromSD("miniwoof.bmp", w2 - 60, h2 - 80); delay(2000); drawBitmapFromSD("t200x200.bmp", w2 - 100, h2 - 100); delay(2000); drawBitmapFromSD("test.bmp", w2 - 120, h2 - 160); delay(2000); drawBitmapFromSD("tiger.bmp", w2 - 160, h2 - 120); delay(2000); drawBitmapFromSD("tiger_178x160x4.bmp", w2 - 89, h2 - 80); delay(2000); drawBitmapFromSD("tiger_240x317x4.bmp", w2 - 120, h2 - 160); delay(2000); drawBitmapFromSD("tiger_320x200x24.bmp", w2 - 160, h2 - 100); delay(2000); drawBitmapFromSD("tiger16T.bmp", w2 - 160, h2 - 120); delay(2000); drawBitmapFromSD("woof.bmp", w2 - 120, h2 - 160); delay(2000); drawBitmapFromSD("bitmap640x384_1.bmp", 0, 0); delay(2000); } void drawBitmaps_test() { int16_t w2 = display.WIDTH / 2; int16_t h2 = display.HEIGHT / 2; drawBitmapFromSD("betty_4.bmp", w2 - 102, h2 - 126); delay(2000); } static const uint16_t input_buffer_pixels = 20; // may affect performance static const uint16_t max_row_width = 640; // for up to 7.5" display static const uint16_t max_palette_pixels = 256; // for depth <= 8 uint8_t input_buffer[3 * input_buffer_pixels]; // up to depth 24 uint8_t output_row_mono_buffer[max_row_width / 8]; // buffer for at least one row of b/w bits uint8_t output_row_color_buffer[max_row_width / 8]; // buffer for at least one row of color bits uint8_t mono_palette_buffer[max_palette_pixels / 8]; // palette buffer for depth <= 8 b/w uint8_t color_palette_buffer[max_palette_pixels / 8]; // palette buffer for depth <= 8 c/w void drawBitmapFromSD(const char *filename, int16_t x, int16_t y, bool with_color) { SdFile file; bool valid = false; // valid format to be handled bool flip = true; // bitmap is stored bottom-to-top uint32_t startTime = millis(); //Serial.println(); Serial.print(x); Serial.print(" "); Serial.print(y); Serial.print(" "); Serial.println(filename); if ((x >= int16_t(display.WIDTH)) || (y >= int16_t(display.HEIGHT))) return; Serial.println(); Serial.print(F("Loading image '")); Serial.print(filename); Serial.println('\''); #if defined(ESP32) file = SD.open(String("/") + filename, FILE_READ); if (!file) { Serial.print(F("File not found")); return; } #else if (!file.open(filename, FILE_READ)) { Serial.print(F("File not found")); return; } #endif // Parse BMP header if (read16(file) == 0x4D42) // BMP signature { uint32_t fileSize = read32(file); uint32_t creatorBytes = read32(file); (void)creatorBytes; //unused uint32_t imageOffset = read32(file); // Start of image data uint32_t headerSize = read32(file); uint32_t width = read32(file); int32_t height = (int32_t) read32(file); uint16_t planes = read16(file); uint16_t depth = read16(file); // bits per pixel uint32_t format = read32(file); if ((planes == 1) && ((format == 0) || (format == 3))) // uncompressed is handled, 565 also { Serial.print(F("File size: ")); Serial.println(fileSize); Serial.print(F("Image Offset: ")); Serial.println(imageOffset); Serial.print(F("Header size: ")); Serial.println(headerSize); Serial.print(F("Bit Depth: ")); Serial.println(depth); Serial.print(F("Image size: ")); Serial.print(width); Serial.print('x'); Serial.println(height); // BMP rows are padded (if needed) to 4-byte boundary uint32_t rowSize = (width * depth / 8 + 3) & ~3; if (depth < 8) rowSize = ((width * depth + 8 - depth) / 8 + 3) & ~3; if (height < 0) { height = -height; flip = false; } uint16_t w = width; uint16_t h = height; if ((x + w - 1) >= int16_t(display.WIDTH)) w = int16_t(display.WIDTH) - x; if ((y + h - 1) >= int16_t(display.HEIGHT)) h = int16_t(display.HEIGHT) - y; if (w <= max_row_width) // handle with direct drawing { valid = true; uint8_t bitmask = 0xFF; uint8_t bitshift = 8 - depth; uint16_t red, green, blue; bool whitish = false; bool colored = false; if (depth == 1) with_color = false; if (depth <= 8) { if (depth < 8) bitmask >>= depth; //file.seekSet(54); //palette is always @ 54 file.seekSet(imageOffset - (4 << depth)); // 54 for regular, diff for colorsimportant for (int16_t pn = 0; pn < (1 << depth); pn++) { blue = file.read(); green = file.read(); red = file.read(); file.read(); whitish = with_color ? ((red > 0x80) && (green > 0x80) && (blue > 0x80)) : ((red + green + blue) > 3 * 0x80); // whitish colored = (red > 0xF0) || ((green > 0xF0) && (blue > 0xF0)); // reddish or yellowish? if (0 == pn % 8) mono_palette_buffer[pn / 8] = 0; mono_palette_buffer[pn / 8] |= whitish << pn % 8; if (0 == pn % 8) color_palette_buffer[pn / 8] = 0; color_palette_buffer[pn / 8] |= colored << pn % 8; } } //display.clearScreen(); display.writeScreenBuffer(); uint32_t rowPosition = flip ? imageOffset + (height - h) * rowSize : imageOffset; for (uint16_t row = 0; row < h; row++, rowPosition += rowSize) // for each line { uint32_t in_remain = rowSize; uint32_t in_idx = 0; uint32_t in_bytes = 0; uint8_t in_byte = 0; // for depth <= 8 uint8_t in_bits = 0; // for depth <= 8 uint8_t out_byte = 0xFF; // white (for w%8!=0 border) uint8_t out_color_byte = 0xFF; // white (for w%8!=0 border) uint32_t out_idx = 0; file.seekSet(rowPosition); for (uint16_t col = 0; col < w; col++) // for each pixel { // Time to read more pixel data? if (in_idx >= in_bytes) // ok, exact match for 24bit also (size IS multiple of 3) { in_bytes = file.read(input_buffer, in_remain > sizeof(input_buffer) ? sizeof(input_buffer) : in_remain); in_remain -= in_bytes; in_idx = 0; } switch (depth) { case 32: blue = input_buffer[in_idx++]; green = input_buffer[in_idx++]; red = input_buffer[in_idx++]; in_idx++; // skip alpha whitish = with_color ? ((red > 0x80) && (green > 0x80) && (blue > 0x80)) : ((red + green + blue) > 3 * 0x80); // whitish colored = (red > 0xF0) || ((green > 0xF0) && (blue > 0xF0)); // reddish or yellowish? break; case 24: blue = input_buffer[in_idx++]; green = input_buffer[in_idx++]; red = input_buffer[in_idx++]; whitish = with_color ? ((red > 0x80) && (green > 0x80) && (blue > 0x80)) : ((red + green + blue) > 3 * 0x80); // whitish colored = (red > 0xF0) || ((green > 0xF0) && (blue > 0xF0)); // reddish or yellowish? break; case 16: { uint8_t lsb = input_buffer[in_idx++]; uint8_t msb = input_buffer[in_idx++]; if (format == 0) // 555 { blue = (lsb & 0x1F) << 3; green = ((msb & 0x03) << 6) | ((lsb & 0xE0) >> 2); red = (msb & 0x7C) << 1; } else // 565 { blue = (lsb & 0x1F) << 3; green = ((msb & 0x07) << 5) | ((lsb & 0xE0) >> 3); red = (msb & 0xF8); } whitish = with_color ? ((red > 0x80) && (green > 0x80) && (blue > 0x80)) : ((red + green + blue) > 3 * 0x80); // whitish colored = (red > 0xF0) || ((green > 0xF0) && (blue > 0xF0)); // reddish or yellowish? } break; case 1: case 2: case 4: case 8: { if (0 == in_bits) { in_byte = input_buffer[in_idx++]; in_bits = 8; } uint16_t pn = (in_byte >> bitshift) & bitmask; whitish = mono_palette_buffer[pn / 8] & (0x1 << pn % 8); colored = color_palette_buffer[pn / 8] & (0x1 << pn % 8); in_byte <<= depth; in_bits -= depth; } break; } if (whitish) { // keep white } else if (colored && with_color) { out_color_byte &= ~(0x80 >> col % 8); // colored } else { out_byte &= ~(0x80 >> col % 8); // black } if ((7 == col % 8) || (col == w - 1)) // write that last byte! (for w%8!=0 border) { output_row_color_buffer[out_idx] = out_color_byte; output_row_mono_buffer[out_idx++] = out_byte; out_byte = 0xFF; // white (for w%8!=0 border) out_color_byte = 0xFF; // white (for w%8!=0 border) } } // end pixel uint16_t yrow = y + (flip ? h - row - 1 : row); display.writeImage(output_row_mono_buffer, output_row_color_buffer, x, yrow, w, 1); } // end line Serial.print(F("loaded in ")); Serial.print(millis() - startTime); Serial.println(F(" ms")); display.refresh(); } } } file.close(); if (!valid) { Serial.println(F("bitmap format not handled.")); } } uint16_t read16(SdFile& f) { // BMP data is stored little-endian, same as Arduino. uint16_t result; ((uint8_t *)&result)[0] = f.read(); // LSB ((uint8_t *)&result)[1] = f.read(); // MSB return result; } uint32_t read32(SdFile& f) { // BMP data is stored little-endian, same as Arduino. uint32_t result; ((uint8_t *)&result)[0] = f.read(); // LSB ((uint8_t *)&result)[1] = f.read(); ((uint8_t *)&result)[2] = f.read(); ((uint8_t *)&result)[3] = f.read(); // MSB return result; }